高寒地区15份早熟禾属野生牧草种质材料评价

Evaluation of 15 species of wild Poa in alpine areas

为有效挖掘高原地区野生早熟禾属资源,更好地应用于畜牧生产和退化草地的补播建植,对采自青藏高原地区的15份早熟禾野生种质材料的生育期、形态特征指标、生物产量和种子发芽相关指标进行了评价。结果表明:在所有野生材料中,早熟禾P1和P2、波密早熟禾P13和草地早熟禾P15的生育期较长,可保持较长绿期。P2和2种冷地早熟禾资源P6、P7的鲜草产量、发芽势在所有材料中较高,华灰早熟禾P11的茎叶比最小,有较好的生产性能,适合刈割饲用,可作为饲草型草的选育材料;P1、P2和冷地早熟禾P9等的发芽率均在70%以上,有利于退化草地的补播修复。

In order to effectively develop wild Poa germplasm in plateau area for animal husbandry production and the restoration of degraded grassland,15 wild Poa germplasm collected from Qinghai-tibetan Plateau were evaluated in the present study.Growth period,morphological characteristics,biological yield and seed germination index were measured.Our results showed that among all germplasms,P.annua,P1 and P2,P.bomiensis,P13 and P.pratensis,P15 had the longest growth period,implying that those were able to maintain the longer green period than the other germplasms.P2 and P.crymophila,P6 and P7,had the highest fresh grass yield and germination potential among all resources.The ratio of stem to leaf in P.sinoglauca,P11,was the lowest,which meant P11 had the superior production performance and could be used in the breeding program for forage grass.The germinate rate of P1,P2 and P.crymophila,P9 were over 70%,which would be able to contribute to the restoration of degraded grassland.