先秦儒家性善论思想的法治意蕴探究

The Exploration of the Legal Implication of Pre-Qin Confucian Ideas of Good Nature

先秦时期,儒墨道法各家学派竞相争鸣,深刻影响了中华民族法律文化的形成基因和未来走向,以法治理念审视中国文化元素,不难发现法治中国的理性建构思路深受隐含于内的性善论思想的观照,推动法治由一般意义的规则之治走向具有品质和德性的规则之治。先秦儒家的性善论思想是人性善思想的理论源头,形塑了中华民族的知识结构、制度规范和生活逻辑,是培育中国特色社会主义法治理论最深厚的沃土,更是建设法治中国的内在根基。人性善的理论预设奠定了"以人为首"的法哲学观,讲求"惟齐非齐""圆融人情"的合理正义,是新时代全面依法治国思想必不可少的条件。从先秦性善论角度剖析全面依法治国思想既有助于推动中国法治实践的理论创新,又继承与弘扬了中国传统法律文化精髓,彰显新时代建设中国特色社会主义法治国家的制度自信、理论自信、文化自信。

In pre-Qin times,the competition among Confucians,Mohists,Taoists and Legalists had left great impact on the formation genes and development trends of the legal culture of the Chinese nation.While studying Chinese cultural elements within the frame of rule of law,we will see that the rational construction of rule of law in China is deeply reflected in in the inherent ideas of good nature.This has promoted the evolution of the rule of law as a general principle to the rule of regulations with quality and moral character.As the theoretical origin of good human nature,the pre-Qin Confucian ideas of good nature has shaped the knowledge structure,system norms and life logic of the Chinese nation,is the fertile soil to nurture the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics,and is also the intrinsic foundation to build rule of law in China.The theoretical presupposition of good human nature has laid a foundation for"human-priority"legal philosophy,which stresses the reasonable justice of"justice with diversity"and"flexibility forhuman relationship",and is the indispensable prerequisite for comprehensively advancing the rule of law in China in the new era.From the perspective of preQin ideas of good nature,the analysis of the idea of comprehensively advancing the rule of law in China will promote the theoretical innovation in legal practice in China,will inherit and carry forward the essence of traditional Chinese legal culture,and will manifest the confidence in the system,theory and culture in the construction of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics in the new era.