石嘴山市土壤元素有效态含量及影响因素研究

Study on available contents and influencing factors of soil elements in Shizuishan city

石嘴山市土壤整体处于碱性强碱性环境,土壤养分高于银川平原背景值。该地区B、Cu、Fe、K等元素有效态含量比例较高,有利于植物吸收。由于经过长时间淹水,水稻根系土元素含量与玉米、小麦根系土明显不同,B、Cu、Mn、Mo、N、P、Se、Zn、Fe、K、有机质等指标明显低于小麦和玉米根系土含量,水稻根系土相对贫瘠。通过分析元素有效态含量发现,水稻相对于玉米及小麦对土壤Fe、Cu、Mo、Mn的转化吸收能力较强,玉米及小麦对土壤N、P、K的转化吸收能力强于水稻。研究区土壤有机质含量与N、P、Se的含量呈极显著强正相关关系;Se、Fe、Mn等元素有效态与土壤酸碱度呈中等极显著的负相关关系;土壤水溶性盐与Zn有效态含量呈强的极显著正相关关系。

The soil in Shizuishan city is in a highly alkaline environment,and the soil nutrients are higher value than the background of Yinchuan plain.In this region,the ratio of available contents of B,Cu,Fe,K and other elements is high,which is conducive to plant absorption.The content of elements in rice root soil was significantly different from that of corn and wheat root soil due to long time of water flooding.Indexes such as B,Cu,Mn,Mo,N,P,Se,Zn,Fe,K and organic matter were significantly lower than those of wheat and corn root soil,and rice root soil was relatively barren.By analyzing available contents of elements,it indicates that rice had stronger ability to transform and absorb Fe,Cu,Mo and Mn in soil compared with maize and wheat,maize and wheat had stronger conversion and absorption capacity of N,P and K in soil than rice.The content of organic matter in the soil of the study area was significantly positively correlated with the content of N,P and Se;The available contents of Se,Fe,Mn and other elements showed moderate and extremely significant negative correlation with soil pH.The water-soluble salt in soil has a strong positive correlation with the available content of Zn.