基于设计方案树和知识库的产品设计方法研究

Research on product design method with design scheme tree and knowledge base

针对现有产品设计系统中由设计人员按经验决定装配概念模型的局限性,提出了一种基于设计方案树和知识库的产品快速设计方法.将设计过程中的公式及经验,优选原则等信息存入知识库中,采用树结构,以产品属性为节点,将产品概念设计与零部件详细设计相结合,在原理综合的同时对产品的各部件进行筛选和详细设计,生成设计方案树.再运用基于层次分析法(AHP)赋权的理想解法(TOPSIS)对备选方案集排序,在获取最优解的同时增加了备选方案的多样性,降低了产品的成本.以启闭机设计为例,验证了该算法的可靠性和实用性.

In view of the limitations in the process of assembling the conceptual model according to the the designer’s experience in the current product design system,a product design method based on design scheme tree and knowledge base is proposed.The formulae,experience,optimization principles and other information in the design process are stored in the knowledge base in which the structure is the tree with the product attributes as its nodes.The product conceptual design and parts’detailed design are combined,and the product components are screened and designed while the principles are arranged.The tree structure is adopted and the product attribute is taken as the node to generate the design tree.Then the ideal solution method based on analytic hierarchy process is used to rank the alternatives,which increases the diversity of alternative schemes and reduces the cost of the product while obtaining the optimal solution.Taking the design of the hoist as an example,the reliability and practicability of the algorithm are verified.