我国近四十年教学改革特征与教师专业人角色审视

Reflection on the Characteristics of Teaching Reform in the Past 40 Years and the Examination of Teachers'Roles as Professionals

教师是教育教学中的教师,教师的专业性需要在其专业实践活动中考察。改革开放四十年来教学改革发展的历程,为教师专业性考察提供了分析视角。纵观近四十年教学改革,课堂教学依次经历了从获得知识、发展学力到提升素养的“基因”演变。教学改革表现出了人回归教学核心的基本特征,并伴随知识的“功能扩大”与“意义挖掘”,教学从传统“三中心”逐步走向“深度”。教师在教学改革进程中,经历了从“教书人”到“教学者”,再到回归“教育者”的角色变化。基于近四十年教学改革基本特征及教师专业人角色的审视,文章尝试从“专业知识与能力”“专业精神与品格”“教育教学价值观”反思构建了新时代教师应有的专业素养。

Teachers are in education and teaching activities,and their professionalism needs to be investigated in professional practice activities.The course of teaching reform in the past 40 years of"reform and opening up"has provided an analytical perspective for teachers"professional investigation.From the perspective of teaching reform,classroom teaching has successively undergone the evolution of"genes"from acquiring knowledge,developing academic abilities to improving literacy.Teaching reform shows the basic characteristics of people returning to the core of teaching.With the"expansion of functions"and"meaning mining"of knowledge,teaching has moved from the traditional"three centers"to"in-depth teaching".Throughout the process of teaching reform,teachers have gone through the role change from"teachers of knowledge"to"learners who teach students",and then return to"educators".Based on the examination of the basic characteristics of the teaching reform in the past four decades and the role of teachers as professionals,it attempts to reflect on"professional knowledge and ability","professional spirit and character"and"educational values"to construct the professional qualities that teachers should have in the new era.