基于知-信-行理论下的健康教育门诊对2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为的影响

Effect of Health Education Clinic Basedon the Knowledge-attitude-behavior Theory on the Self-management Behavior in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的:研究知-信-行理论下的健康教育门诊对2型糖尿病患者自我管理行为的影响。方法:选取2019年9月—2020年2月在河南大学第一附属医院糖尿病专科门诊建立档案的2型糖尿病患者240例,随机分为对照组119例和观察组121例,对照组采用传统的方法进行健康教育,观察组则在知-信-行理论下进行教育,对比观察两组患者的自我管理行为情况和血糖相关指标(空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白值)变化。结果:两组患者教育前饮食行为、运动行为、血糖监测行为、足部护理、用药行为和吸烟行为比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),教育后与对照组相比,观察组饮食行为、运动行为、血糖监测行为、足部护理、用药行为和吸烟行为得分均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。教育前两组患者空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平比较无显著差异(P>0.05),教育后观察组空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在知信行理论下进行门诊健康教育有利于增加2型糖尿病患者的约束力,可有效改善患者的不良行为和血糖水平。

Objective:To study the effect of health education clinic based on the knowledge-attitude-behavior theory on the.self-management behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:240 patients with T2DM registered in the.diabetes specialist clinic of the hospital from September 2019 to February 2020 were enrolled and randomly divide into control group(119 cases)and observation group(121 cases).The control group received traditional methods for health education,and the.observation group was educated by the knowledge-attitude-behavior theory.The self-management behavior and the changes in blood glucose-related indicators(fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin value)were compared.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in dietary behavior,exercise behavior,blood glucose monitoring behavior,foot care,medication behavior,and smoking behavior between the two groups of pat ients before education(P>0.05).After education,compared with the control group,the diet behavior,exercise behavior,blood glucose monitoring behavior,foot care,medication behavior and smoking behavior in the observation group scored higher(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the two groups before education(P>0.05).After education,the fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of the observation group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on the theory of know ledge-attitude-behavior theory,outpatient health education is beneficial to increase the binding force in patients with type 2 diabetes,and can effectively improve their bad behaviors and blood glucose levels.