从《论犹太人问题》析马克思关于政治解放批判的逻辑进路

An analysis of Marx Logical Approach to Criticism of Political Emancipation based on On the Jewish Question

实现人的彻底解放是马克思理论研究的终极价值目标.在《论犹太人问题》中,针对鲍威尔把宗教解放视为政治解放的前提,又把政治解放与人的解放混为一谈的观点,马克思进行了大胆的批判.马克思的批判主要是围绕政治解放这条主线展开的,通过对政治解放后,政治国家的宗教现状以及市民生活的分析,马克思揭露出政治解放的世俗局限性,并最终将批判的矛头直指市民社会,把政治解放问题过渡到人的解放问题.对“犹太人问题”的思考是马克思以历史唯物主义视角研究人的解放问题的标志性起点,对研究马克思关于人的解放思想具有重要意义.

To realize the complete emancipation of people is the ultimate goal of value of Marxism's theoretical research.In On the Jewish Question,Marx made a bold criticism of Powell's view that religious emancipation is a prerequisite for political liberation.and that political liberation is confused with human emancipation.Marx's criticism mainly revolves around the main thread of political emancipation.By analyzing the religious situation and civic life in the political country after the political liberation,Marx exposed the secular limitations of political liberation,and finally directed his criticism directly at the civil society,transitioning the issue of political liberation to the issue of human liberation.The thinking of"the Jewish question"is the symbolic starting point for Marx to study human emancipation from the perspective of historical materialism,and it is of great significance to the study of Marx's thought on human emancipation.