田径运动员趾骨形态与跳深实验中支撑时间关系的研究

Research on Relationship between Phalanx of Toe and Touchdown Times in Drop-Jump Test

目的:从运动员选材角度探讨趾骨形态与跳深实验中支撑时间关系,为田径运动员趾骨形态选材提供参考。方法:对84名上海市一二线运动员进行身高、体重、足底形态、跳深实验测试,记录其趾骨长度、趾骨整齐性、脚与地面支撑时间等指标。分别以趾骨长短(趾骨短组和趾骨长组)、趾骨整齐性(整齐性高组和整齐性低组)、运动员等级(优秀组和一般组)进行分组,研究趾骨形态与跳深实验中支撑时间关系。结果:男、女均表现出第一趾骨短组的支撑时间小于第一趾骨长组,趾骨整齐性高组支撑时间小于整齐低组,男子第二趾骨长组的支撑时间小于第二趾骨短组。结论:第一趾骨短,5趾骨整齐性好,特别是前3个趾骨整齐性好,有利于缩短跑跳过程中脚与地面的支撑时间。

Objective:The purpose of study is to discuss the relationship between phalanx of toe and touchdown times in drop-jump test so as to provide reference for talent identification.Methods:A total of 84 athletes from Shanghai first and second lines were tested for their height,weight,plantar shape and drop jump.The length and regularity of their toe bones,and the touchdown times were recorded.In order to study the relationship between plantar shape and touchdown times in drop-jump test,the participants were divided into groups according to their toe length(short group and long group),regularity(regular group and less regular group)and the athlete grade(excellent group and general group).Results:Both male and female athletes with shorter first digit of foot and those with regular fifth toe bone have shorter touchdown time.Male athletes whose second digit of foot is longer had shorter touchdown time than others.Conclusion:Shorter touchdown time during jumping and running was seen in athletes with shorter first digit of foot and more regular toe bone.