功率-维持时间曲线与临界功率在预测自行车运动表现中的应用

Application of Power-duration Curve and Critical Power in Predicting Cycling Performance

目的:确定根据临界功率预测一定功率下自行车运动员维持运动时间(Time to Exhaustion,TTE)的准确性。方法:对10名优秀耐力自行车运动员进行4次不同功率输出的TTE实验,功率设置分别为Wingate平均功率(Pwin)、最大摄氧量功率(Pmax)、通气无氧阈功率(PVT)和最大乳酸稳态对应的功率(PMLSS)。TTE实验共完成2次,第一次结果获得双参数临界功率(CP)及维持运动时间预测值(TTEc)。第二次结果为维持运动时间测试值(TTEm)。使用Shapiro-Wilk对数据进行正态分布检验。应用变异系数分析TTE的受试者内信度,配对T检验检测两组TTE之间的差异。结果:根据功率-时间曲线计算出的CP为(251±21)W。根据双参数公式,不同功率运动预测维持时间(TTEc),Pwin为(00:54±00:09)mm:ss,Pmax为(03:31±00:42)mm:ss,PVT为(11:11±02:81)mm:ss,PMLSS为(65:53±10:12)mm:ss。第二次4种不同功率运动实验的TTEm,Pwin为(00:31±00:07)mm:ss,Pmax为(03:48±00:34)mm:ss,PVT为(12:59±03:56)mm:ss,PMLSS为(59:24±10:35)mm:ss。与Pwin的运动实测值相比,预测值TTEc时间增加74.2%(P<0.01)。而Pmax和PVT的TTEc与TTEm相比,分别减少1%和7%,但无显著性差异。而较低强度PMLSS的TTEc较TTEm增加了11%(P<0.05)。结论:应用CP预测一定输出功率的项目运动维持时间,最佳范围可能是2~15 min的自行车运动项目。

Objective:To determine the accuracy of predicting the time to exhaustion(TTE)of cyclists under a certain power according to the critical power(CP).Methods:Four TTE experiments with different power outputs were conducted on 10 elite endurance cyclists.The power settings were Wingate average power(Pwin),maximum oxygen uptake power(Pmax),ventilatory anaerobic threshold power(PVT),and the power corresponding to maximal lactate steady state(PMLSS)respectively.The TTE test was completed twice.The CP and TTEc(predicted value)were obtained in the first result,and the TTEm(test value)was obtained in the second.Shapiro-Wilk was used to test the normal distribution of the data,the coefficient of variation was used to analyze the intra-subject reliability of TTE,and the paired T-test was used to detect the difference of TTE between the two groups.Results:The CP calculated according to the power-duration curve was 251±21w.According to the two-parameter formula,the TTEc was 00:54±00:09mm:ss(Pwin),03:31±00:42mm:ss(Pmax),11:11±02:81mm:ss(PVT)and 65:53±10:12mm:ss(PMLSS)respectively.In the the second test,the TTEm of four different power experiments was 00:31±00:07mm:ss(Pwin),03:48±00:34mm:ss(Pmax),12:59±03:56mm:ss(PVT)and 59:24±10:35mm:ss(PMLSS).Compared with the measured value of Pwin,the TTEc increased by 74.2%(P<0.01).Compared with the TTEm,the TTEc of the maximum oxygen uptake power(Pmax)and the anaerobic threshold power(PVT)decreased by 1%and 7%respectively,but there was no significant difference.While the TTEc of lower intensity PMLSS increased by 11%compared with TTEm(P<0.05).Conclusion:If the CP is used to predict the time to exhaustion at a certain output power,the best range may be the cycling event of 2 to 15 minutes.