宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染的转归与阴道微生物菌群相关性研究进展

Research Progress on the Correlation between the Outcome of Cervical HPV Infection and Vaginal Microbiome

高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)持续感染是宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌发生的必要条件,其感染与清除受到多种因素影响。阴道微生物菌群在女性下生殖道健康中发挥着重要作用,正常女性阴道微生物多样性低,仅由少数几种乳杆菌(Lactobacillus)构成。随着对细菌16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术的应用,阴道微生物群落结构被深入研究。越来越多的研究证据表明阴道微生物菌群多样性增加、乳杆菌相对丰度减少等阴道菌群组成变化与HPV感染的发生和持续以及宫颈病变的发生发展密切相关。重建以乳杆菌为主的阴道微生物群落结构、恢复阴道微生态平衡能够促进HPV的清除,是未来HPV感染及宫颈病变治疗的新方向。本文讨论宫颈HPV感染的转归与阴道微生物菌群间的相关性。

High-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)infection is a requirement of cervical precancerous lesions or cervical cancer.There are many factors that affect the infection and clearance of HPV.Vaginal microflora plays an important role in the health of female lower reproductive tract.A healthy female vaginal microbiome is defined as low diversity,which is dominated by the few species of Lactobacillus.With the application of high-throughput sequencing technology for bacterial 16S rRNA gene,the structure of vaginal microbial community has been further studied.More and more research evidences show that the changes in the composition of the vaginal microflora such as the increase in the diversity of the vaginal microflora and the decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus are closely related to HPV infection and the occurrence and development of cervical lesions.Reconstruction of the vaginal microbial community dominated by Lactobacillus and restoration of the vaginal microecological balance can promote the clearance of HPV.This is a new direction for the treatment of HPV infection and cervical lesions in the future.This review summarizes the correlation between the outcome of cervical HPV infection and the changes in the composition of vaginal microbial flora.