报刊对清末民初小说创作及翻译文学的推动

The Promotion of Newspapers and Magazines to the Literary Creation and Translation in Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

晚近以降,报刊这一近代媒介由西方传入并在中国兴起,一改传统中国文学的流播形式,即由文人亲友之间的抄传赏玩,变为机构的排版印刷和大众阅览,使得文学的涉及面更广、传播速度更快。而报刊日增后,小说创作和翻译文学也因之繁荣。原因在于,一是报刊拥有大量读者,有助于小说创作和翻译文学的推广,从而保证报刊的销量,实现经济效益;二是稿酬制被引进落实,著译者的积极性被充分调动起来,创译作品大量涌现,从而保证了报刊的稿源和质量。报刊媒介和著译者相互促进,形成共赢之局,并推动了中国文学由古典形态向现代的转型。

In Late Qing Dynasty,two modern Western publishing mediums,the newspaper and magazine,were introduced to China and prospered,which immediately transformed the traditional way of China’s literary dissemination from transcribing and sharing among family and friends of literati,to typesetting and machine printing by institutions for the mass to read,which made literature spread faster and more popular,and as a result ushered in an age of prosperous novel creation and literary translation.The reasons are quite obvious.First,newspapers and magazines could easily reach a large number of readers,which helps to stimulate the creation of novels and literary translation to ensure subscription and economic benefits.Second,the system of paying to writing was established,encouraging writers and translators to produce more high quality works for the newspapers and magazines.The interaction between the publishing mediums and their contributors helped each other to develop,and pushed Chinese classic literature to transform into modern literature.