乡土经验与民族志式的书写——论里下河小说的乡村叙事特征

Local Experience and Ethnographic Writing——On the rural narrative features of the Lixiahe's Novels

人的童年经验会对人的一生产生巨大而持久的影响。里下河作家多出生于乡村,对于他们来说,童年经验就是乡土经验。对乡土经验的倚重,对写实风格的追求,使他们的一些小说呈现出民族志的特点,可称之为民族志式的书写。其具体特征表现在三个方面:自然(地理)环境的非虚构化、对“地方性知识”的“深描”、人物和语言的地方色彩。在全球化语境下,有着浓厚地方色彩的里下河小说的乡村叙事必将成为里下河地方性经验的“文化活化石”。

One's childhood experiences have a great and lasting effect on one's life.The Lixiahe's writers were mostly born in the countryside,for them,the childhood experience is the rural experience.The reliance on rural experience,the pursuit of realistic style,to give some of their novels an ethnographic character.It can be called ethnographic writing.Its specific characteristics are shown in three aspects:The nonfictionalization of natural(geographical)environment,"deep description"of"local knowledge",the local color of characters and language.In the context of globalization,the rural narration of the Lixiahe's novels with strong local color will become the"living cultural fossil"of the Lixiahe's local experience.