佛山市手足口病流行趋势及预防措施研究

Study on prevalence trend and preventive measures of Hand, foot and mouth disease in Foshan city

目的探究佛山市手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)流行趋势及预防措施。方法选取2018年收治的HFMD患儿233例作为研究对象,对所有研究对象的年龄、性别、发病时间、住址以及其职业均进行统计,并探究HFMD发生的规律以及差异,对存在的差异进行分析。结果HFMD的发生率由高到低分别为禅城区70.82%、南海区17.17%、顺德区9.44%、高明区和三水区的发生率均为1.29%;其在不同地区发生的概率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HFMD患儿中有男孩133例,女孩100例,男孩发生的概率显著高于女孩(P<0.05)。HFMD的发生主要集中在4岁以下(包含4岁)的儿童,其占比为81.97%;其发生的年龄段最高的为1岁以内,其次分别为2岁、4岁、3岁,在5岁以后显著降低(P<0.05),在8岁以后基本发生率为0。对患儿的职业进行分析得出,其中幼托(56.65%)发生HFMD的概率显著高于散居儿童(43.35%)(P<0.05)。HFMD主要发生在5~7月份,在其他时间段发生的概率较小,但在9月份的发生率较高(P<0.05)。结论HFMD的发生具有规律性,依据HFMD发生的规律选择合适的预防措施具有重要的意义。

Objective To explore the prevalence trend and preventive measures of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Foshan.Methods 233 children with HFMD occurring in Foshan city in 2018 were selected as the research objects.Age,gender,onset time,address and occupation of all the research subjects were statistically analyzed,and the regularity and difference of HFMD occurring in the study were explored,and the differences were analyzed.Results The incidence of HFMD from high to low was 70.82%in Chancheng District,17.17%in Nanhai District,9.44%in Shunde District,1.29%in Gaoming District and Sanshui District.There were significant differences in the probability of occurrence in different regions(P<0.05).There were 133 cases of boys and 100 cases of girls with HFMD,and the incidence of boys was significantly higher than that of girls(P<0.05).HFMD occurred mainly in children before the age of 4,accounting for 81.97%.The incidence was highest before 1 year old,followed by 2 years old,4 years old,and 3 years old,and significantly decreased after 5 years old(P<0.05),and the basic incidence was 0 after 8 years old.Based on the occupational analysis of the children,the incidence of HFMD in childreninchild-carecentres(56.65%)was significantly higher than that in dispersed children(43.35%)(P<0.05).HFMD mainly occurred from May to July,with a small probability in other time periods,but a higher incidence in September(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD is regular.It is of great significance to select appropriate preventive measures according to the occurrence law of HFMD.