地龙中重金属及有害元素的含量分析与安全性评价

Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Harmful Elements in Earthworms

目的对地龙中重金属及有害元素的含量进行测定、分析与安全性评价,研究中药重金属及有害元素与药材产地的相关性。方法样品经过微波消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定其铅、镉、砷、汞、铜的残留量。利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对其安全性进行评价。结果 9个产地17个批次地龙中铅、镉、砷、汞、铜的平均含量分别为8.58、1.50、9.86、0.57、27.71 mg/kg。安全性评价结果说明来自上海、江苏、广西、河南的地龙均为重污染;来自广东和浙江的地龙均为中污染;来自山东的地龙为轻污染;来自安徽的地龙处在安全线;来自海南的2批地龙质量最满意,均为安全。单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法得到的安全性评价结果与产地具有一定的相关性。结论本研究为中药材的产地分布与重金属及有害元素之间的关系提供科学依据,并为动物药的安全性评价、质量控制以及资源的开发利用提供参考。

Objective To analyze the contents of heavy metals and harmful elements in earthworms, and to study the association of heavy metals and harmful elements in traditional Chinese medicines with the origins of Chinese medicinal materials. Methods After microwave digestion, the contents of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and copper in earthworms were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMS). The safety of samples was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method. Results The average contents of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and copper of 17. batches from 9 places of origins were 8.58, 1.50, 9.86, 0.57 and 27.71 mg/kg, respectively. The results of safety evaluation showed that all batches of earthworms from Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangxi and Henan were heavily polluted. Earthworms from Guangdong and Zhejiang were moderately polluted, those from Shandong were lightly polluted, those from Anhui were within the safety line, and those from Hainan were safe. The safety evaluation results obtained by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index methods were associated with the origins. Conclusion The study has provided not only reliable data on the relationship between the origin distribution of Chinese medicinal materials and heavy metals and harmful elements, but also reference for safety evaluation, quality control and exploitation of resources of animal medicines.