颗粒增强钛基复合材料制备方法与组织性能研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation Methods,Microstructure and Properties of Particle Reinforced Titanium Matrix Composites

颗粒增强体的加入不仅使钛基复合材料(TMCs)具有复杂相组成,还改变了材料在制备与加工过程中的特性。针对颗粒增强TMCs,对其组织结构和制备方法进行简要介绍,总结了组织与性能的影响因素,包含增强体对疲劳性能的影响,疲劳断面表征分析,加工工艺、制备工艺尤其是新兴的激光增材制造对颗粒增强TMCs组织性能的影响。颗粒增强体的强化机制有应力承载作用、固溶强化、细晶强化、弥散强化等。颗粒增强TMCs的疲劳强度高于普通钛合金,断裂机制通常为解理断裂,高温下转变为准解理断裂。制备工艺与加工工艺对颗粒增强TMCs的组织性能影响显著,合理设置激光增材制造工艺参数能够制备力学性能优异、耐磨与抗腐蚀性能良好的颗粒增强TMCs。

Particle reinforced titanium matrix composites(TMCs) have complex phase composition due to the addition of reinforcements by which the characteristics of the material during preparation and processing are also changed. This paper is expected to provide theoretical guidance for the production and modification of particle reinforced TMCs, and provide new ideas for further development. In this work, the microstructure and preparation methods of particle reinforced TMCs are briefly introduced. Also the influencing factors of microstructure and properties are summarized, including the influence of reinforcement on fatigue properties, characterization analysis of fatigue section, processing technology and preparation technology, especially the influence of newly emerging laser additive manufacturing on microstructure and properties of particle reinforced TMCs. Conclusion is that the strengthening mechanism of particle reinforcement includes stress bearingeffect, solid solution strengthening, fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening.The fatigue strength of particle reinforced TMCs is higher than that of ordinary titanium alloy, and the fracture mechanism is usually cleavage fracture, which transforms into quasi cleavage fracture at high temperature. The microstructure and properties of particle reinforced TMCs are significantly affected by the preparation and processing technology. The particle reinforced TMCs with excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be prepared by reasonably setting the laser additive manufacturing process parameters.