高精度17-4PH不锈钢隔碗拉深液压胀形复合成形工艺参数优化

Processing Parameters Optimization of Drawing-Hydraulic-Bulging Forming of High-Precision 17-4PH Stainless Steel Spacer

目的针对17-4PH不锈钢冷成形回弹大、贴模性差等问题,研究17-4PH不锈钢隔碗零件的拉深成形和液压胀形规律,确定隔碗零件拉深液压胀形复合成形的最佳工艺及参数。方法利用有限元方法确定并优化了拉深预成形和液压胀形中的工艺参数。基于优化后的结果设计并制造了相关的模具,最终通过试验验证了有限元方法的有效性。结果结合数值模拟和试验的方法,提出了零件先拉深预成形、后液压胀形的多步成形方案,逐步优化了成形工艺参数,最终成形出了满足尺寸和精度要求的高精度隔碗零件。结论通过数值模拟获得了最佳的坯料直径及多步成形中的关键工艺参数,基于数值模拟优化为主和试验验证为辅的设计制造理念,解决了17-4PH不锈钢冷成形回弹大和贴模性差的问题。

In view of the large springback and poor moldability of 17-4PH stainless steel during cold forming,this paper analyzes the deep drawing and hydraulic bulging forming law of the high-precision 17-4PH stainless steel spacer parts,and de-termines the best process and parameters for the deep drawing and hydraulic bulging of the spacer parts.The finite element method was used to determine and optimize the process parameters in deep drawing pre-forming and hydraulic bulging.Based on the optimized results,related molds were designed and manufactured,and finally the effectiveness of the finite element method was verified through experiments.Combining the methods of numerical simulation and experiment,a multi-step form-ing scheme was proposed,in which the parts were preformed by deep drawing and then hydrobulged,the forming process pa-rameters were gradually optimized,and finally a high-precision spacer part meeting the size and accuracy requirements was formed.Through numerical simulation,the best blank diameter and key process parameters in multi-step forming are obtained.Based on the design and manufacturing concept of numerical simulation optimization and experimental verification,the prob-lems of large springback and poor moldability of 17-4PH stainless steel during cold forming are solved.