湖南省武陵山片区精准扶贫绩效评价及空间分异特征研究

Study on the Performance Evaluation and Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan Province

为了揭示精准扶贫绩效的空间分异特征,明晰精准扶贫绩效水平的空间差异,从经济绩效、社会绩效和生态绩效3个方面构建指标体系,运用"乘法"组合法,建立主—客观融合赋权方法,对湖南省武陵山片区2018年精准扶贫绩效水平进行评价。结果表明:(1)各贫困县(市、区)经济绩效差距极大,发展极不均衡,绩效较高的主要在武陵源区、鹤城区和冷水江市的市域范围;社会绩效在空间上分布较为均匀,但湘西州民生福利水平有待提升;生态绩效区域发展不平衡,绩效较高的主要集中于北部区,而较低的主要集中于以冷水江市为核心的周边区域;(2)湖南省武陵山片区精准扶贫成效较为平衡,整体水平不高,绩效较高的为石门县与武陵源区,较低的主要集中于湘西自治州。由此可知,湖南省武陵山片区要提升精准扶贫绩效,必须进一步发展经济,增加就业机会,提高社会福利水平,充分利用当地的生态资源,发展相关产业。

In order to reveal the spatial differentiation characteristics of the performance of targeted poverty alleviation and clarify the spatial difference of the performance level of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper constructs an index system from three aspects of economic performance,social performance and ecological performance,and uses the"multiplication"combination method to establish the subjective-objective integration weighting method to evaluate the performance level of targeted poverty alleviation in the Wuling mountain area of Hunan Province in 2018.The results show that:(1)the economic performance has a great gap among poor counties(cities,districts),showing extremely uneven development;the highest performance is mainly in Wulingyuan district,Hecheng district and Lengshuijiang City.Social performance is evenly distributed in space,but the level of people’s livelihood and welfare in Xiangxi Autonmous Prefecture needs to be improved.The regional development of ecological performance is unbalanced;the highest performance is mainly concentrated in the northern region,while the lowest is mainly concentrated in the surrounding area of Lengshuijiang City.(2)The results of targeted poverty alleviation in the Wuling mountain area of Hunan Province are relatively balanced,but the overall level is not high;Shimen County and Wulingyuan District have the highest performance,while Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture has the lowest performance.Therefore,to improve the performance of targeted poverty alleviation in the Wuling mountain area of Hunan Province,we must further develop the economy,increase employment opportunities,improve the level of social welfare,make full use of local ecological resources and develop related industries.