中国边缘海氮循环过程和源汇格局——以南海为例

NITROGEN CYCLING PROCESSES AND ITS BUDGET IN CHINA MARGINAL SEA:CASE STUDIES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

边缘海氮循环过程研究是全球海洋氮循环研究的重要组成部分,对全球氮源汇格局有显著影响,进而对全球气候变化产生反馈。人为活动和气候变化又是影响边缘海关键氮循环过程速率的重要因素。南海作为中国和西北太平洋最大的边缘海,是边缘海氮循环研究的理想场所。本文详细总结了南海近岸和海盆区的氮源汇过程及其内循环过程的最新研究进展,结果显示人为活动对上述过程的显著扰动。此外,全球变暖和海洋酸化正改变不同的氮循环过程速率,并可能引起南海氮收支平衡的不确定性。文章最后提出了边缘海氮循环研究的重要发展方向。

Nitrogen cycle in marginal seas,as an important component of oceanic nitrogen cycle,highly affects global nitrogen budget,and in turn,has feedback on global climate.Anthropogenic activity and climate change are crucial factors on the changing rates of key processes of nitrogen cycle in marginal seas.The South China Sea(SCS),the largest marginal sea in China and the western North Pacific,is an ideal region for the studies on nitrogen cycle in the marginal sea.This study reviews recent progress in nitrogen budget and internal cycle in the coastal waters and open basin of the SCS.Results show that the human perturbation on such processes is significant.Moreover,global warming and ocean acidification are changing the rates of many nitrogen processes,possibly leading to the uncertainties of nitrogen budget in the SCS.The key points that need for further research are proposed at the end.