海洋动物适应性演化与多样性研究进展

REVIEW ON ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION AND BIODIVERSITY OF MARINE ANIMALS

海洋生物多样性是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,了解海洋生物多样性的形成演化过程不仅是生命科学的本质问题,而且对海洋生物资源的保护和开发利用具有重要的指导意义。目前海洋生物多样性的形成演化机制尚不明确,而性状多样性的起源和适应性演化为回答海洋生物多样性的内源性机制提供了重要突破口。本文从演化发育生物学的角度综述了海洋动物适应性性状、其研究方法和新兴模式生物的研究进展,重点阐述了印太交汇区的海洋动物适应性演化研究进展,探讨了该区域生物多样中心形成的驱动力,并就未来海洋生物多样性与适应性演化研究提出了建议。

Marine biodiversity are important components in marine ecosystem,understanding the generation and evolution of marine biodiversity is of great significance for the conservation and sustainable utilization of marine biological resources.However,understanding of the molecular basis of marine biodiversity remains poor.The evolution of morphological traits and the process of adaptation have provided key information of the evolution in biodiversity.We summarized recent advances in the adaptive evolution and biodiversity in the evolutionary developmental biology perspective.We reviewed classical adaptive traits,studied the strategies and emerging model organisms in this field,with a focus on the advances in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region.We further discussed the driving forces that generate and maintain the marine diversity center in this region.A major goal for the future will be to determine morphological diversity and characterize its genetic diversity combining both oceanographic and experimental biology strategies.This in turn will help to explain the ocean’s richest biodiversity hotspot in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region.