经营型经纪:项目下乡与村干部角色再造——以浙江D村为例

Operating Broker:Project Going to the Countryside and Role Reconstruction of Village Cadres—Taking D Village of Zhejiang as an Example

村干部在项目制运作中扮演国家与农民的中介人角色。当前项目下乡过程中,“经营型经纪”得以出现并成为探析村干部角色性质的重要概念。在乡镇政府面临科层体制压力的背景下,乡镇政府的绩效导向与村干部的利益取向为经营型经纪的转变提供了空间。经营型经纪的治理实践遵循着圈层治理的逻辑,通过援引项目资源和公共资源实现利益分配,进而稳固村庄权力结构,消解了村级自治能力。随着国家资源的不断下沉,如何理顺国家、村干部与村庄社会三者之间的关系,将是未来一段时间内基层治理需要面临的重大考验。

Village cadres have received much attention because they play the role of intermediary between the state and farmers in the operation of project system.In the process of the current project going to the countryside,“operating broker”has emerged and become an important concept to analyze the nature of the role of village cadres.Under the pressure of bureaucratic system,the performance orientation of township government and the interest orientation of village cadres provide space for the transformation of operating brokers.The governance practice of operating brokers follows the logic of circle governance.By invoking project resources and public resources to achieve the distribution of interests,the village power structure is stabilized and the village level autonomy is eliminated.With the continuous sinking of national resources,how to straighten out the relationship among the state,village cadres and village society will be a major test for grassroots governance in the future.