南川页岩气田绿色开发技术优化与实践

Optimization and practice of the technologies for the green development of Nanchuan Shale Gas Field

页岩气开发利用是我国能源结构优化和大气环境质量改善的重要支撑。但油基岩屑无害化资源化处置、采出水达标处理、高噪音、温室气体排放和土地占用等页岩气绿色开发关键技术仍未彻底解决,且我国页岩气开发尚处初始阶段,生态环境保护规范和技术尚需完善。为了给未来页岩气更大范围的开发提供借鉴,对地表环境敏感、地下水文地质条件复杂的南川页岩气田开发过程面临的生态环境问题进行了分析;在已有技术基础上,对集约化用地和网电钻井压裂等污染源头减量,全井筒气密封检测技术、进流程测试技术和双节流+湿气计量采气技术等污染过程防控,油基岩屑规模化水泥窑协同处置和采出水压裂回用等废物综合利用,采出水达标处理等技术进行了优化研究。现场实践效果表明,该技术系列达到了“节能、降耗、减污、增效”的目标,取得了良好的现场应用成效,为我国其他区块页岩气绿色开发提供借鉴。

Shale gas development and utilization provides an important support for the optimization of energy structure and the improvement of atmospheric environment quality in China.However,the key technologies for the green development of shale gas(e.g.harmless and resource treatment of oil based cuttings,produced water treatment to the standard,high noise,greenhouse gas emission and land occupation)haven’t been solved thoroughly.Moreover,China’s shale gas development is still in the initial stage and ecologic environment protection norms and technologies need improving.In order to provide the reference for the development of shale gas in a larger scope in the future,this paper analyzed the ecologic environment problems in the development process of Nanchuan Shale Gas Field which is sensitive to surface environment and has complex geohydrologic geological conditions.Then,based on existing technologies,a series of optimization studies were carried out on the pollution process prevention and control technologies(such as pollution source reduction technology of intensive land use and electric power drilling and fracturing,full-hole gas tightness detection technology,inflow process testing technology and double-throttle and wet gas metering and production technology)and the comprehensive waste utilization and produced water standard treatment technologies(such as large-scale cement kiln collaborative treatment of oil based cuttings and produced water fracturing fluid recycling).The field practice effects show that this series of technologies reach the goal of“energy saving,consumption reduction,pollution diminish and efficiency improvement”,realizing good field application achievements,and they can be used as the reference for the green development of shale gas in the other blocks in China.