高凝高粘原油海管输送工艺探讨

Discussion on Submarine Pipeline Transportation Technology of Crude Oil with High Viscosity and High Freezing Point

渤海某油田原油为重质油和超重质油,具有密度高、粘度高、含硫量低、胶质沥青质含量高、含蜡量中偏高、凝固点高等特点。为了解决特稠油粘度高难以输送的问题,选择加热输送和掺水输送2种常用降粘输送方式并进行对比。经对该油田高粘度原油的水力计算和热力计算,综合考虑输送起点压力、管道压降、加热负荷等因素,最终确定采用掺水输送方式,然后对不同含水率和外输温度下的管道压降、管道投资进一步研究,确定掺水至60%含水,60℃外输方案。

Crude oil from an oilfield in Bohai Sea is heavy oil and super-heavy oil,which has the characteristics of high density,high viscosity,low sulfur content,high colloidal asphaltene content,high wax content and high freezing point.In order to solve the transportation problem of the high viscosity heavy oil,two commonly used transportation methods of heating transportation and water blending transportation are selected and compared.Based on the hydraulic and thermal calculation of high viscosity crude oil in this oilfield,and considering the factors such as the starting point pressure,pipeline pressure drop and heating load,water blending transportation method is finally determined.The pipeline pressure drop and pipeline investment under different water contents and transportation temperatures are further studied,and the transportation scheme with 60%water content and 60℃is determined.