阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并高血压的危险因素分析

Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome Complicated with Hypertension

目的探讨阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并高血压的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院经多导睡眠监测(PSG)初诊的1378例单纯OSAHS(单纯OSAHS组)和1114例OSAHS合并高血压患者(OSAHS合并高血压组)的临床资料,比较两组一般资料、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、血氧饱和度低于90%的时间比率(TS90%)、最长呼吸暂停时间(LAT),分析OSAHS合并高血压的危险因素。结果OSAHS合并高血压组年龄、AHI与单纯OSAHS组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);OSAHS合并高血压组有饮酒史、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史、脑血管病家族史、冠心病家族史者占比均高于单纯OSAHS组(P<0.05);OSAHS合并高血压组TS90%、LAT和BMI高于单纯OSAHS组(P<0.05)。年龄>44岁、AHI>15次·h-1、TS90%提高、BMI增加,以及有高血压、脑血管病、冠心病家族史,是OSAHS合并高血压的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄>44岁、BMI增加、AHI>15次·h-1、TS90%提高、高血压家族史、脑血管病家族史、冠心病家族史是OSAHS合并高血压的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)complicated with hypertension.Methods The clinical data of 1378 cases of OSAHS(OSAHS group)and 1114 cases of OSAHS with hypertension(complication group)who were first diagnosed by polysomnography(PSG)in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.The general data,apnea-hypopnea index(AHI),the time spent below oxygen saturation of 90%(TS90%),and the longest apnea time(LAT)were compared between the two groups.The risk factors of OSAHS complicated with hypertension were analyzed.Results There were statistical differences in age and AHI between the two groups(P<0.05).The proportions of patients with history of drinking and family history of hypertension,diabetes,cerebrovascular disease,and coronary heart disease in complication group were all higher than those in OSAHS group(P<0.05).TS90%,LAT and BMI in complication group were higher than those in OSAHS group(P<0.05).Older than 44 years old,AHI>15 times·h-1,high TS90%,great BMI,and family history of hypertension,cerebrovascular disease,and coronary heart disease were independent risk factors for OSAHS with hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion Older than 44 years old,great BMI,AHI>15 times·h-1,high TS90%,family history of hypertension,family history of cerebrovascular disease,and family history of coronary heart disease are independent risk factors for OSAHS with hypertension.