《民法典》第12条的反思与重塑——以深圳特区民商事先行、变通法为视角

Reflection and Reconstruction in Article 12 of the Civil Code——In the Perspective of Civil and Commercial Accommodating and PioneeringLawsin Shenzhen Special Economic Zone

《民法典》第12条遵循浓厚属地主义的立法范式,将对深圳特区民商事先行、变通法之域内适用产生严苛阻碍与限制,应究其价值根源并予以规范矫治。历史演进中民法效力上的严格属地主义之价值已饱经主流学说批判,我国《民法典》之保留实属师法苏俄民法的残余,应予更正;而法院亦已对严格属地主义之价值判断产生动摇,尝试通过整合与重构的方式突破该原则的限制。反思《民法典》第12条价值失衡前提下,规范重塑存在可能。从深圳特区民商事先行、变通法的本质特征出发,《民法典》第12条留有从宽处理之规范空间,其可为特区先行、变通法之适用提供全新的法效力外溢准用范式。价值之“破”与规范之“立”,是《民法典》第12条价值与规范回应的逻辑。

Under the legislation path of strict territoriality principle in Article 12 of the Civil Code,the application of the civil and commercial accommodating and pioneering laws in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone will be directly restricted and hindered.So it is pivotal to dig the value root of Article 12 and reconstruct it.The principle of strict territorialism in the effect of civil law in the historical evolution has been criticized,and has been shelved by the international mainstream theory.The retention of China s Civil Code is the remnant of the Soviet civil law.In the field of adjudication,the court has wavered on the value judgment of strict territorialism and tried to break through the limitation of this principle by means of integration and reconstruction.Reflecting on the value imbalance of Article 12,it is possible to reconstruct it in norm interpretion.Starting from the essential of civil and commercial accommodating and pioneering laws in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone,Article 12 has the normative space for a wide interpretation,which can provide a new legal force interpretation path for the application of the accommodating and pioneering laws.The“breaking”of value and the“establishing”of norms are the logic of the response of value and norm interpretation for Art.12 of the Civil Code.