文本叙述与自我构建——以《接骨师之女》为例谈文学治疗

Narration and Self-construction: The Bonesetter'sDaughter as an Example of Literary Therapy

人类学对文学治疗的探索集中于文学发生学、文学功能以及大量治疗个案的描述和分析,而对于文学如何能够治疗人类疾病伤痛的学理研究则相对较少。论文以小说《接骨师之女》为例,探讨"可能世界"领域的文学治疗。在虚构叙述中,主体的分化引起叙述分层,文本叙述建构起符号世界,以解决现实世界中因身份虚弱、身份冲突、单一身份执着等问题引发的自我确立困难。文学治疗实际上是借助叙述还主体一个明确的自我,从而实现治疗的目的。

Anthropological exploration into literary therapy has so far been focussed on the genesis of literature,literary functions,and the description and analysis of a large number of cases,without giving much attention to the scientific research into human diseases and traumas.This paper,with The Bonesetter's Daughter as an example,explores literature as therapy in the realm of a possible world.In the fictional narrative,the differentiation of the subject leads to a layering of narration as the narration constructs a world of symbols in an attempt to deal with the difficulty to establish self,induced by a number of issues such as weakened identity,identity conflicts and clinging to single identity.Literature as therapy,in actual fact,is meant to realise the therapeutic purpose by returning a definite self to the subject via narration.