输电塔线体系力学模型研究进展

ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL MODELS OF TRANSMISSION TOWER-LINE SYSTEMS

输电塔线体系是重要的电力能源基础设施,长期于野外恶劣环境下服役,其高柔特性使得它在强烈外荷载作用下的响应较为显著。国内外发生了很多输电线路在强风强震、覆冰、腐蚀等作用下的破坏事故,造成了严重的损失。因此,国内外积极开展了输电线路的监测评估与防灾减灾的研究和工程应用工作。输电塔线体系力学模型的建立是开展输电线路监测评估和防灾减灾的基础和关键。输电线从力学角度而言是具有小应变、大变形特征的悬索,表现出显著的几何非线性效应。输电塔线体系的力学模型相比于传统高耸塔架结构而言非常复杂,它综合了有限元、随机振动、变分理论、风工程、地震工程、结构分析理论等多学科理论,相关研究工作还不完善。该文以输电塔线体系的力学模型为研究对象,全面综述了目前塔线体系力学模型方面的研究现状,对比分析了不同模型的优缺点,总结了该研究方面存在的不足并就将来的发展进行了展望。

Transmission tower-line systems are important electrical and energy infrastructures,which are exposed to harsh environment in the open air.The dynamic responses of transmission tower-line systems under strong external excitations are remarkable due to their flexibility.Many damaging events of transmission tower-line systems induced by strong wind,earthquakes,ice and corrosion that caused severe losses have been reported across the world.Therefore,the research and engineering applications on monitoring,safety evaluation and disaster mitigation of transmission tower-line systems have been actively conducted at home and abroad.The mechanical models of transmission tower-line systems are crucial for the monitoring,evaluation,and disaster prevention of transmission infrastructure.From the viewpoint of mechanics,a transmission line presents the properties of small strain,large deformation,and strong geometric nonlinearity.The mechanical models of transmission tower-line systems are more complicated in comparison with those of traditional high-rise towers,which can be constructed based on knowledge of finite element,stochastic vibration,wind engineering,earthquake engineering and structural analysis,etc.The mechanical models of transmission tower-line system are complicated and multidisciplinary.Many research works are still immature.In this paper,we present a state-ofthe-art review on the mechanical model of transmission tower-line system and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various models to summarize the defects and to predict the future development.