摘要
全球气候变化和人类经济社会发展使水资源、土壤资源等环境要素的合理、可持续利用成为热点,咸水结冰灌溉融水淋盐是一种新兴的改良盐渍土技术。研究证明,利用咸水结冰时咸淡分离的原理,对盐渍土进行洗盐及压盐,具有较好的改良效果和实际应用价值,同时也能起到平抑地温,减少土层水分蒸发,降低盐渍土区地下水位,改善土壤物理性质和节约灌溉用水等作用。本文系统阐述了咸水灌溉结冰洗盐的原理及意义,总结了目前关于咸水结冰灌溉的主要研究方向、试验方法和研究范围。通过分析灌溉水溶液电解质浓度在改良盐渍土方面的作用,阐述了提高电解质浓度与咸水结冰灌溉相结合的意义,并对未来咸水结冰灌溉改良盐渍土的研究重点和方向进行了讨论和展望。
With the global climate change and the development of social economic society,the rational and sustainable use of water,soil and other natural resources has become a hotspot worldwide.Salt leaching after melting the freezing saline water is an emerging technology to improve the saline-sodic soils.Based on the principle of separating salt from saline water after freezing,studies on saline-sodic soils verifies that the freezing saline water irrigation washes and inhibits soil salts,with better improving effect and prospect for practical application.Meanwhile,the technology plays roles in stabilizing the ground temperature,reducing soil evaporation rate,decreasing the groundwater level,improving soil physical properties,and saving irrigation water.In this review,we systematically elaborated the principles and significance of salts leaching by freezing saline water,and summarized main research direction and current research methods on freezing saline water irrigation,experiment scopes and application effects.Through analysis on the roles of electrolyte in improving saline-sodic soil,the review also illustrated the significance of electrolyte addition in combination with freezing saline water irrigation,and discussed the importance and prospect of future research avenues of freezing saline water irrigation in improving saline-sodic soils as well.
作者
张璐
杨帆
王志春
ZHANG Lu;YANG Fan;WANG Zhichun(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《土壤与作物》
2021年第2期202-212,共11页
Soils and Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0501200)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41971066,41771250)
吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180201012SF).
关键词
咸水结冰
灌溉
苏打盐碱土
改良
电解质浓度
freezing saline water
irrigation
saline-sodic soils
soil improvement
electrolyte concentration