鄂尔多斯盆地长庆油田油气勘探历程与启示

Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment of Changqing Oilfield in Ordos Basin

在系统总结梳理鄂尔多斯盆地油气成藏地质理论和勘探成果的基础上,将鄂尔多斯盆地勘探历程划分为盆地及周边构造油气勘探阶段(1907—1969年),侏罗系古地貌石油勘探阶段(1970—1979年),三叠系三角洲和奥陶系岩溶古地貌油气勘探阶段(1980—1999年),大型岩性油气藏油气勘探阶段(2000—2012年),致密油气和非常规油气勘探阶段(2013年至今)。在50余年的勘探实践中,形成了多项地质理论,如侏罗系古地貌油藏群成藏理论、内陆坳陷湖盆大型三角洲成藏理论、陆相淡水湖盆页岩油成藏理论、致密砂岩气成藏理论、岩溶古地貌天然气成藏理论和盆地东部多层系成藏理论,推动了鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探的持续突破。

This paper systematically analyzes the geological theories of hydrocarbon accumulation and summarizes the exploration achieve⁃ments made by Changqing oilfield in the Ordos basin.The exploration process in the Ordos basin can be divided into five stages:(1)Oil and gas exploration for the structures in the basin and its surroundings from 1907 to 1969;(2)Oil exploration in the Jurassic paleogeomor⁃phology from 1970 to 1979;(3)Oil and gas exploration in the Triassic delta and Ordovician karst paleogeomorphology from 1980 to 1999;(4)Oil and gas exploration for large lithological reservoirs from 2000 to 2012;(5)Exploration of tight and unconventional oil and gas since 2013.During more than 50 years of exploration practices,a number of innovative geological cognitions and theories have been developed,such as hydrocarbon accumulation in Jurassic paleogeomorphic oil reservoir groups,hydrocarbon accumulation in large delta reservoirs in continental lacustrine basin,shale oil accumulation in terrestrial freshwater lake basin,gas accumulation in tight sandstone,gas accumula⁃tion in karst paleogeomorphy and hydrocarbon accumulation in multiple series in the eastern Ordos basin,which promoted sustainable breakthroughs to oil and gas exploration in the Ordos basin.