社会资本与社会治理:基于相对贫困视角的实证分析

On Social Capital and Social Governance: An Empirical Analysis from the Perspective of Relative Poverty

高水平的社会治理是高品质国家的重要支撑。文章引入社会信任、社会网络双重视角,基于2016年和2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,构建计量模型实证分析了社会资本对相对贫困的影响程度及作用机制。研究发现,采用收入比例法确定相对贫困标准后,社会资本能够显著阻滞中国相对贫困,降低贫困脆弱性,并且社会资本对于低收入群体边际效应明显高于高收入群体,从而佐证了社会资本的益贫性。考虑到内生性问题后,该结果依然稳健。异质性分析表明东部地区、城镇居民借助社会资本具有更大的减贫效果,而贫困深度更浅的贫困主体,从社会资本提升获得的相对收益更高。机制分析表明,个体信念和教育获得是社会资本影响相对贫困的重要传导机制。论文拓展了社会资本理论研究范畴,为缓解相对贫困提供了新的视角和经验证据。

A high level of social governance is an important support for a high-quality country. From the perspective of social trust and social network, this paper constructs an econometric model based on the data of China family tracking survey(CFPS) in 2016 and 2018, and empirically analyzes the impact of social capital on relative poverty and its mechanism. It is found that social capital can significantly block China’s relative poverty and reduce the vulnerability of poverty when the income ratio method is used to determine the relative poverty standard, and the marginal effect of social capital on low-income groups is significantly higher than that on high-income groups, which proves the poverty-stricken nature of social capital. Considering the endogenous problem, the result is still robust. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the eastern region and urban residents with the help of social capital have a greater effect on poverty reduction, while the poverty subjects with shallower poverty depth get higher relative benefits from the promotion of social capital. Mechanism analysis shows that individual belief and education acquisition are important transmission mechanisms of social capital influencing relative poverty. This paper expands the research scope of social capital theory, and provides a new perspective and empirical evidence for alleviating relative poverty.