出口对企业创新的影响研究——基于中国工业企业数据的经验证据

Research on the Impact of Export on Enterprise Innovation:Empirical Evidence from the Data of Chinese Industrial Enterprises

文章使用中国工业企业数据库和中国企业专利数据库的匹配数据,实证分析了企业是否出口以及出口强度对创新成果的影响和作用机制。结果显示,企业的出口行为会显著提升企业创新能力。同时,企业出口强度的增加也对创新能力的提升具有促进作用;企业通过"出口中学习"效应显著提高了创新能力;出口强度的提升作用在高技术行业与非高技术行业,以及大中规模企业与小微企业中都较为显著,但是在国有和集体所有制企业以及外资企业中并不显著。研究结论表明,在强调国内经济大循环的同时,我国仍当着力推动更高水平的对外开放,积极利用国际市场和全球资源全面提升企业创新能力。

Using the matching data of China industrial enterprise database and China enterprise patent database, this paper empirically analyzes whether enterprises export or not and the impact and mechanism of export intensity on innovation achievements. The results show that the export behavior of enterprises can significantly enhance the innovation ability of enterprises. At the same time,the increase of export intensity also promotes the improvement of innovation ability. Enterprises can significantly improve their innovation capability through the"learning in export"effect. The promotion effect of export intensity is more significant in high-tech industries and non-high-tech industries, as well as large and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises, but it is not significant in state-owned and collective owned enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises. The conclusion of this paper shows that, while emphasizing the great cycle of domestic economy, China should still strive to promote a higher level of opening up, and actively use the international market and global resources to comprehensively enhance the innovation ability of enterprises.