变化环境下农田水生产力定量表征研究进展与展望

Water Productivity of Farmland in Response to Changing Environment: A Review

【目的】农田水生产力是描述农业用水与农业产出的综合指标,其定量表征是农业水资源及农业生产规划与管理的重要基础,在气候变化及农业节水等农田管理模式改变等变化环境下农田水生产力定量表征成为国内外研究的热点。【方法】在解析农田水生产力形成过程的基础上,从作物气孔-蒸腾-光合耦合过程、农田水循环及量化表征、农田水生产力过程量化及对变化环境响应等方面对目前相关研究进行了综述。【结论】未来应突破作物蒸腾-土壤水-地下水耦合机制、基于作物生长与水循环耦合过程的农田水生产力模型、农田水生产力对气候变化及农业节水的响应模拟3方面的研究。对变化环境下农田水生产力定量表征的未来研究进行了展望。

【Objective】Water productivity in farmland is a comprehensive indicator describing the relationship between agricultural water use and agricultural production;it is the foundation for planning and managing water resources to improve irrigation water use efficiency.Over the past decades,how the water productivity responds to environmental change has become a new research topic.This paper reviews the latest development in this area and its perspective.【Method】The analysis is based on the relationship between biomass production and water flow in farmland.We review the current state based on the studies of how stomata controls photosynthesis and transpiration,as well as quantification of water cycling and water productivity in response to environment change.【Conclusion】We identify three barriers that need to be broken:①The mechanisms underlying the integrated transpiration,soil water and groundwater.②Developing water productivity models that integrate crop growth and water cycling.③Develop models to simulate response of water productivity to climate change and implementation of water-saving agronomical practices.We also highlight the prospects for future study of water productivity in farmland in response to changing environments.