基层公共卫生人员执业满意度影响因素分析

Influencing factors on job satisfaction of primary public health personnel

目的了解基层公共卫生人员执业现状和影响执业满意度的因素,逐步规范基层公共卫生队伍,并为政府决策提供依据。方法随机抽取某省县、乡、村三级医疗卫生机构在岗的公共卫生从业人员1464名,进行问卷调查,数据采用单因素分析和多因素分析。结果基层公共卫生从业人员中,中专和大专学历者占到79.23%,无职称者占50.96%,具有公共卫生执业(助理)医师资格者仅占2.73%。Logistic回归分析显示影响基层公共卫生人员执业满意度的主要因素有:性别、晋升是否有困难、每周工作时间、收入、身体状况、单位是否组织健康体检等。结论基层公共卫生专业人才严重匮乏,在现有本科院校培养公共卫生与预防医学人才为主的基础上,可以探索高职院校或普通高校专科层次的公共卫生专业设置及人才培养,真正培养“沉得下”“留得住”的基层公共卫生专业人才;可通过多元化培训,提高现有人员的专业知识和技能;针对影响执业满意度的因素,采取相应措施,提高基层公共卫生人员的执业满意度。

Objective To determine the practice status of primary public health personnel and the influencing factors on their job satisfaction,and to gradually standardize the primary public health team,so as to provide evidence for government decision-making.Methods A total of 1464 primary public health personnel from medical and health institutions at county,township and village levels in a certain province were randomly included in the study,and a questionnaire survey was conducted.The data were determined by single-factor analysis and multi-factor analysis.Results Among the primary public health personnel,79.23%were from technical secondary school and junior college,50.96%were without a professional title,and only 2.73%were licensed as public health physicians(assistants).Logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors on the satisfaction of primary public health personnel were gender,promotion opportunity,working hours per week,income,physical condition,and physical examination organized by institutional affiliations.Conclusion There is a serious shortage of the primary public health professionals.On the basis of cultivating public health and preventive medicine talents in existing undergraduate colleges and universities,we could explore the establishment of public health majors and talent training at the junior level in higher vocational colleges or ordinary universities,and truly cultivate persistent primary public health professionals devoting themselves to medical career.Through diversified training,the professional knowledge and skills of the existing personnel can be improved.For the influencing factors on job satisfaction,the corresponding measures should be taken to improve the satisfaction of primary public health personnel.