含电能直接交易的风电消纳机组组合模型设计

Design of Unit Combination Model of Wind Power Consumption with Direct Transaction of Electric Energy

作为电力市场改革的关键环节,电能直接交易可以增大多方利益,却压缩了电力系统的调度空间,同时大规模风电的加入更加剧了电力系统调峰的难度。针对电能直接交易和风电对系统运行的影响,建立了含电能直接交易的风电消纳机组组合模型。该模型以社会总效益最大化为目标,在传统模型的基础上引入了直购电合同约束和风电出力约束,并加入了过网费、弃风惩罚与削减合同惩罚。通过理论推导与算例中对实际系统的日前调度,逐一分析了直购电价、直购电量与直购机组对社会总效益的影响;然后通过惩罚因子的动态变化,表明系统会根据惩罚因子的大小关系来决定放弃何种效益。所得结论验证了该模型的实用性与有效性,为中国电能直接交易的发展提供了参考。

As a key link in the reform of electric power market,the direct transaction of electric energy can increase the interests of multiple parties,but it shrinks the dispatching space of power system.At the same time,the large-scale integration of wind power even increases the difficulty in power system peaking.Considering the influences of direct transaction of electric energy and wind power on the system operation,a unit combination model of wind power consumption with direct transaction of electric energy is established,which aims to maximize the total social benefits.Based on the traditional unit combination model,the constraints of direct power purchase contracts and wind power output are introduced.In addition,the wheeling cost,wind abandonment penalties,and contracts reduction penalties are added.Through theoretical derivation and the day-ahead dispatching of an actual system in an example,the influences of direct purchase price,quantity of direct purchase power,and direct purchase unit on the total social benefits are analyzed,respectively.Furthermore,through the analysis of dynamic changes in penalty factors,it is shown that the power system will determine which benefit will be given up according to the value relationship among penalty factors.The obtained conclusions verify the feasibility and rationality of the proposed model,providing reference for the development of direct transaction of electric energy in China.