医院患者安全文化影响因素分析

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Patient Safety Culture

目的了解医院安全文化现状,统计并分析制约不同诊室医务人员医院安全文化的影响因素。针对影响因素的分析,为医院患者安全文化的科学性、精确性建设提供对策与依据。方法在普外科整群抽样,对81名在职医护人员进行问卷调查,并对问卷调查结果进行不同量表维度的分析。结果医护人员对于患者安全认知的总体水平良好,总体得分为(3.58±0.37)分,在各个感知维度中,科室内的安全认知得分最高为(3.90±0.51)分,其余维度按得分依次为:团队氛围、上级重视、心理安全、事故上报、学习改进、害怕犯错与交接班转科;以医护人员对于患者安全文化的感知总体均分为因变量因素,职业、工作年限、处理纠纷数量和学历四项指标为单因素分析后得到的有统计学意义的人口学指标。结论①医院管理者比较重视患者安全教育。另外,团队氛围、上级重视和心理安全维度上得分较高;而交接班与转科维度得分最低,反映科室在医疗风险潜在环节上存在不足。②职位、工作年限、学历和处理纠纷数量是普外科医护人员患者安全文化认知的影响因素。③根据医护人员对于患者安全文化的认知情况,医院管理部门应当注重科室的患者安全文化制度的建立,完善相关上报制度,增加人力资源引进比例,合理安排医护人员排班和休息,共同保障患者安全。

Objective To figure out the current situation of hospital safety culture and to analyze the influencing factors in medical staff’s awareness of hospital safety culture in different clinics, so as to provide countermeasures and basis for the scientific and accurate construction of hospital patient safety culture. Methods A total of 81 in-service doctors and nurses in general surgery were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, and the results of the questionnaire were analyzed in different scales. Results The overall level of medical staff’s awareness of patients’ safety was satisfying, with an overall score of(3.58+0.37). Among all the perception dimensions, the awareness within the department was scored the highest(3.90+0.51). The other dimensions were team atmosphere, attention from the superiors, psychological safety, accident reporting, learning and training, fears in making mistakes as well as shift and transfer to other departments. With medical staff’s perception of patients safety culture determined as the dependent variable factor, occupation, length of work, number of disputes and academic qualifications were identified as four indicators, which were determined as statistically significant demographic indicators after single factor analysis.Conclusion(1)Hospital managers have paid due attention to patient safety education. In addition, team atmosphere, attention from the superiors and psychological safety scored higher, while shift and transfer scored the lowest, suggesting the deficiencies in the potential link of medical risk.(2) Posts, years of work, educational background and the number of disputes handled are the influencing factors in medical staff’s awareness of patients’ safety culture in general surgery.(3)According to the current awareness of patient safety culture among medical staff, hospital management departments should direct more attention to the establishment of patient safety culture system in departments, improve the relevant reporting system, increase the proportion of human resources introduction, and arrange reasonable on-duty and off-duty shifts for medical staff, so as to jointly guarantee patient safety.