防凝露封堵用阻燃PU的制备及其阻燃性能

Preparation and flame retardant properties of flame retardant PU for anti-condensation plugging

采用全水发泡法制备了添加不同类型阻燃剂的阻燃聚氨酯(PU),并与纯PU进行了对比。结果表明:阻燃PU的极限氧指数(LOI)都高于纯PU;随着阻燃剂用量的增加,阻燃PU的LOI逐渐增加;当阻燃剂用量相同时,季戊四醇双磷酸酯二磷酰氯(PDD)系列的阻燃效果优于新戊二醇磷酸酯磷酰氯(DPPC)系列;不同阻燃剂用量的PDD接枝氨基化二氧化硅微球阻燃聚氨酯和PDD接枝氨基化介孔二氧化硅微球阻燃聚氨酯的UL-94测试等级均为V-0级,且燃烧过程中无熔滴现象,阻燃性能最好;当阻燃剂质量分数为30%时,DPPC接枝氨基化二氧化硅微球阻燃聚氨酯和DPPC接枝氨基化介孔二氧化硅微球阻燃聚氨酯的质量损失5%时的温度较纯PU都有不同程度降低,阻燃PU在800℃时的残炭量都高于纯PU;与纯PU相比,阻燃PU质量损失最大时对应的温度都有不同程度降低,最大质量损失区间变窄,阻燃性能有不同程度改善。

Different types of flame retardant polyurethane(PU)were prepared by adding different flame retardants via all water foaming method,which were compared with pure PU.The results show that the limit oxygen index(LOI)of flame retardant PU added by different flame retardants are higher than that of pure PU and rise with the increasing content of flame retardant.The flame retardant effect of pentaerythritol bisphosphorate diphosphoryl chloride(PDD)is better than that of neopentyl glycol phosphorate phosphoryl chloride(DPPC)when adding the same amount of flame retardant.The UL-94 of PDD-grafted amino hollow silicon dioxide microsphere PU and PDD-grafted amino mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere PU are V-0 when adding different amount of flame retardants,and no droplet in the combustion process,so whose flame retardant performance are the best.The temperatures at mass loss of 5%of DPPC-grafted amino hollow silicon dioxide microsphere PU and DPPC-grafted amino mesoporous silicon dioxide microsphere PU are lower than that of pure PU when the mass fraction of flame retardant is 30%.The carbon residue of these flame retardant PU at 800℃are higher than that of pure PU.The temperature of these flame retardant PU at maximum mass loss decrease and the maximum thermalgravimetric loss range narrows,therefore whose flame retardant properties are improved.