低体温对早产儿机体功能及并发症的影响研究

Study on the Effect of Hypothermia on the Body Function and Complications of Premature Infants

目的探讨低体温对早产儿机体功能的影响。方法选取2020年1月—12月在医院出生,胎龄<37周,生后即转往NICU救治的225例患者为研究对象,分为低体温组(体温<36.5℃)148例和非低体温组77例,记录两组的血糖、血气分析、胆红素、凝血常规以及并发症发生情况。结果早产儿入NICU低体温发生率为65.78%。低体温组的胆红素、PaCO_(2)和BE值均高于非低体温组,血糖、pH和PaO_(2)值均低于非低体温组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低体温组的APTT、PT、TT较非低体温组明显延长,Fib、PLT明显减少,D-二聚体明显增加,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低体温组低血糖、高胆红素血症、脑出血、呼吸窘迫综合症、肺出血的发生率及新生儿死亡率均高于非低体温组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早产儿生后低体温发生率高,低体温可引起多器官功能障碍,影响其存活率。及早发现并有效维持正常体温可提高其存活率并获得良好预后。

Objective To explore the effect of hypothermia on the functions of premature infants'body systems.Methods A total of 225 patients who were born in our hospital from January to December 2020,with a gestational age of less than 37 weeks,were transferred to the NICU immediately after birth were selected as the research subjects,and divided into hypothermia groups(Body temperature<36.5℃)148 cases and 77 cases in the nonhypothermia group.Blood glucose,blood gas analysis,bilirubin,routine coagulation and complications were recorded in both groups.Results The incidence of hypothermia of premature infants entering NICU was 65.78%.Bilirubin,PaCO_(2)and BE values of the hypothermia group were higher than those of the non-hypothermia group,and the blood glucose,pH and PaO_(2)values were all lower.In the non-hypothermia group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).APTT,PT,and TT in the hypothermia group were significantly longer than those in the non-hypothermia group,Fib and PLT were significantly reduced,and D-dimer was significantly increased.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of hypoglycemia,hyperbilirubinemia,intracranial hemorrhage,respiratory distress syndrome,and pulmonary hemorrhage and the mortality in the hypothermia group were higher than those in the non-hypothermia group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of hypothermia is higher in preterm infants,it can cause multiple organ dysfunction and affect the survival rate of preterm infants.Early detection and effective maintenance of normal body temperature can improve their survival rate and obtain a good prognosis.