完善我国协商主持人制度角色三要素——角色适配、背景应对与知识系统

Three Essential Factors to Improve the System and the Role of Deliberation Facilitators in China:Role Adaptation,Context Response and Knowledge Structure

随着构建“广泛多层、程序合理、环节完整的协商民主体系”成为新时代协商民主建设的重要指针,提升协商参与者协商能力及履践规则的积极性愈发重要,与此同时,协商主持人的“中枢角色”和“教化角色”重要性亟待提上日程。但是,当下对协商主持人的“权、责、能”设计既缺乏综合视角,又有理念偏差,直接影响着协商质量,间接削弱了我国协商民主的公信力。从当下国内外研究经验入手,基于协商场域与主持人风格的适配性、协商背景要素对主持人的影响及应对和必要的专业知识系统的补充这三个方面为完善协商主持人制度角色提供建议。

The progress of deliberative democracy in China calls for a systematic way to build and refine the corresponding orders and rules.It is urgent to promote the capacity of participators to learn and actively forbade the rules and enhance their capacity to deliberate reasonably.Yet the importance has been ignored of deliberation facilitator as the mediator and educator of rules to promote a normative order within the deliberation process.Nowadays,the role and capacity of the deliberation facilitator not only lack of comprehensive perspective,but also have concept deviation,which may indirectly discredit China's deliberations.This essay will examine examples at home and from abroad to give suggestions to improve the role of deliberation facilitator in three different ways:firstly,to allocate differed manner of facilitator to different types of deliberations according to field pressure;secondly,to help facilitate or to cope with varieties of social and normative context of deliberation field;thirdly,to complement necessary expertise for them.