粉红螺旋聚孢霉高效生防菌株的筛选与评价

Screening and evaluation of highly efficient biocontrol strains of Clonostachys rosea

粉红螺旋聚孢霉Clonostachys rosea是一种重要的植物病原生防真菌。本研究测定了不同地理来源的42株粉红螺旋聚孢霉菌株对核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum菌核的寄生能力,以及菌株几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性,同时测定了不同菌株对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea的拮抗作用以及对番茄果实灰霉病的防治效果。结果表明,不同来源的粉红螺旋聚孢霉菌株对核盘菌菌核均有一定的寄生能力,45.2%的菌株寄生能力达到4级,β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性与其寄生能力呈极显著正相关。研究发现,粉红螺旋聚孢霉菌株对番茄灰霉病菌有一定的拮抗作用,抑制率最高可达78.4%;HN-56、STG-21-1、GS6-1等菌株对离体番茄果实灰霉病的防效达到75%以上,显示出良好的生防潜力。本研究为丰富植物真菌病害生防资源和高效粉红螺旋聚孢霉生防制剂的研发奠定了基础。

Clonostachys rosea is an important biocontrol fungus of plant diseases.In this study,42 C.rosea strains derived from different areas were chosen and their mycoparasitic ability against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia,enzyme activities of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase and control effects on tomato gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea were investigated.The results indicated that all the isolates tested could parasitize the sclerotia,in which 45.2%reached the highest level of grade four.The enzyme activities of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase had significant positive correlations with fungal mycoparasitic ability.The maximum of inhibition rates of C.rosea against B.cinerea was 78.4%,and the control efficacies of strain HN-56,STG-21-1 and GS6-1 against gray mold of tomato fruits in vitro achieved more than 75%.This study provides new resources of biocontrol agents against plant fungal diseases and lays a foundation for the development of biocontrol agents of C.rosea.