中国警务模式本土化思考--基于中西方社区警务对比研究

Reflections on the Localization of Chinese Police Service Model--Based on a Comparative Study of Policing in Chinese and Western Communities

中西方社区警务因历史文化和国情不同而存在诸多差异,尽管西方社区警务在国家理性、秩序供给与有效参与方面存在一定的优势,但其作为一种舶来警务模式在中国却遇到一系列"水土不服"的问题。本文在总结保甲制与单位制等中国基层治理的历史经验中,尝试以治安中心户长制解决中国警务模式本土化缺失的问题。当下,治安中心户长制主要在经济欠发达的中西部地区实施,推广这一模式的关键在于因地制宜的本土化治理与国家权力的合理介入。据此,宏观层面要坚持因地制宜的本土化治理原则,同时在微观层面实行增强社区意识、完善考核机制与清除融入障碍的具体措施。

There are many differences between Chinese and Western community policing due to different historical cultures and national conditions.Although Western community policing has certain advantages in terms of national rationality,order supply and effective participation,it has been encountered a series of"unacceptable"problems in China as an imported policing model.This article summarizes the historical experience of China’s grassroots governance such as the Baojia system and the unit system,and tries to solve the problem of the lack of localization of the Chinese police service model by using the public security center household head system.At present,the household chief system of public security centers is mainly implemented in the economically underdeveloped central and western regions.The key to popularizing this model lies in localized governance based on local conditions and reasonable intervention of state power.Accordingly,at the macro level,we must adhere to the principles of localized governance based on local conditions,and at the micro level,we must implement specific measures to enhance community awareness,improve the assessment mechanism,and remove barriers to integration.