饲粮添加化香果单宁对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、肉品质、抗氧化功能和肠道发育的影响

Effects of Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce Tannin on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Organ Indexes,Meat Quality,Antioxidant Function and Intestinal Development of Broilers

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加化香果单宁对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、肉品质、抗氧化功能和肠道发育的影响。选取1日龄雄性爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡288羽,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12羽。对照组(PT 0组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加100(PT_(100)组)、500(PT_(500))和1000 mg/kg(PT_(1000)组)化香果单宁。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)PT_(100)组1~21日龄肉鸡的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于PT 0组(P<0.05),且ADFI与化香果单宁添加量呈显著二次相关(P<0.05)。与PT 0组相比,PT_(100)组22~42日龄肉鸡的料重比有降低趋势(P=0.068)。2)饲粮添加化香果单宁对肉鸡屠宰性能和肉品质无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)PT_(1000)组42日龄肉鸡肌胃指数显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),且肌胃指数与化香果单宁添加量呈显著二次相关(P<0.05)。4)PT_(500)和PT_(1000)组42日龄肉鸡胸肌总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于PT 0组(P<0.05),且胸肌T-SOD活性与化香果单宁添加量呈显著线性相关(P<0.05)。5)饲粮添加化香果单宁对肉鸡十二指肠和盲肠的校正长度和指数无显著影响(P<0.05)。6)PT_(500)组21日龄肉鸡空肠绒毛高度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),且空肠绒毛高度与化香果单宁添加量呈显著线性相关(P<0.05);PT_(100)、PT_(500)和PT_(1000)组42日龄肉鸡空肠绒毛高度显著高于PT 0组(P<0.05),且空肠绒毛高度与化香果单宁添加量呈显著线性和二次相关(P<0.05)。PT 0和PT_(100)组42日龄肉鸡回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)显著高于PT_(500)组(P<0.05),且回肠V/C与化香果单宁添加量呈显著线性相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加化香果单宁能够提高肉鸡抗氧化功能、空肠绒毛高度和回肠V/C,降低1~21日龄肉鸡ADFI,且具有降低22~42日龄肉鸡料重比的趋势。综合各项指标,化香果单宁在肉鸡饲粮中的推荐添加量为500 mg/kg。

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin on growth performance,slaughter performance,organ indexes,meat quality,antioxidant function and intestinal development of broilers.A total of 288 one-day-old male Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 12 broilers in each replicate.Broilers in the control group(PT 0 group)was fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 100(PT_(100) group),500(PT_(500) group)and 1000 mg/kg(PT_(1000) group)Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age of PT_(100) group was significantly lower than that of PT 0 group(P<0.05),and there was a significant quadratic correlation between ADFI and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05).Compared with PT 0 group,the feed to gain ratio of broilers during 22 to 42 days of age of PT_(100) group had a decreasing trend(P=0.068).2)Dietary Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin had no significant effects on the slaughter performance and meat quality of broilers(P>0.05).3)The gizzard index of 42-day-old broilers of PT_(1000) group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05),and there was a significant quadratic correlation between gizzard index and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05).4)The breast muscle total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity of 42-day-old broilers of PT_(500) and PT_(1000) groups was significantly higher than that of PT 0 group(P<0.05),and there was a significant linear correlation between breast muscle T-SOD activity and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05).5)Dietary Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin had no significantly effects on the corrected length and index in duodenum and cecum of broilers(P<0.05).6)The jejunum villi height of 21-day-old broilers of PT_(500) group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05),and there was a significant linear correlation between jejunum villi height and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05);the jejunum villi height of 42-day-old broilers of PT_(100) and PT_(500) and PT_(1000) groups was significantly higher than that of PT 0 group(P<0.05),and there were significant linear and quadratic correlations between jejunum villi height and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05).The ileum villus height/crypt depth(V/C)of 42-day-old broilers of PT 0 and PT_(100) group was significantly higher than that of PT_(500) group(P<0.05),and there was a significant linear correlation between ileum V/C and Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin addition amount(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin can improve the antioxidant function,jejunum villi height and ileum V/C of broilers,reduce the ADFI of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age,and have a tendency to reduce the feed to gain ratio of broilers during 22 to 42 days of age.Based on various indicators,the recommended dietary addition amount of Plotytarya strohilacea Sieb.et Zuce tannin of broilers is 500 mg/kg.