放牧补饲精补料对妊娠后期和泌乳前期苏尼特母羊体重、血清生化指标和矿物质含量的影响

Effects of Grazing with Supplementary Concentrate on Body Weight,Serum Biochemical Indices and Mineral Contents of Sunit Ewes during Post-Pregnancy and Pre-Lactation Periods

本试验旨在研究放牧补饲精补料对苏尼特母羊体重、血清生化指标和矿物质含量以及羔羊初生重的影响。试验采用单因子随机试验设计,选择体重、胎次接近、健康无病的苏尼特妊娠母羊66只,随机分为2组,每组33只。分娩前,对照组妊娠母羊补饲玉米和青干草,试验组则用等量的精补料代替对照组中的玉米;分娩后,对照组泌乳母羊补饲玉米、豆粕和青干草的混合料,试验组则用等量的精补料替代混合料中的玉米和豆粕。试验期120 d,分为妊娠后期与泌乳前期2个阶段。结果表明:试验组母羊补饲结束时体重以及羔羊初生重有高于对照组的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10),羔羊2月龄体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),母羊产后2个月失重显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。妊娠后期试验组血清碱性磷酸酶活性有高于对照组的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10),血清磷、铜、锰、锌和硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。泌乳前期试验组血清碱性磷酸酶活性以及尿素氮、钙、磷、镁、钾、铜、锌和铬含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清铁、钴和硒含量有高于对照组的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10)。由此得出,放牧补饲精补料等量替代玉米或玉米与豆粕的混合料,促进了苏尼特母羊产后体重的恢复与羔羊的生长,提高了妊娠后期与泌乳前期母羊血清磷、镁、铜、锌、硒含量,以及泌乳前期母羊血清钙、钾、铁、钴和铬含量。

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of grazing with supplementary concentrate on body weight,serum biochemical indices and mineral contents of Sunit ewes,and the birth weight of lambs.The single factor randomized trial design was used in this study.Sixty-six healthy Sunit ewes with similar weight and parity were divided into two groups and each group had 33 ewes.At pre-partum,the pregnant ewes in the control group were supplied with the corn and green hay,but the corn in the control group was equally replaced of the concentrate in the trial group.At post-partum,the lactating ewes in the control group were supplied with the mixture of corn,soybean meal and green hay,but the mixture of corn and soybean in the control group was equally replaced of the concentrate in the trial group.The experimental period was totally 120 d and included post-pregnancy period and pre-lactation period.The results showed that the final body weight of ewes and the birth weight of lambs in the trial group had higher trend compared with the control group(0.05≤P≤0.10),the lambs’body weight at 2 months of age was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the body weight loss at 2 months postpartum of ewes was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In the post-pregnancy period,the serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of ewes in the trial group tented to greater than that in the control group(0.05≤P≤0.10).The serum phosphorus(P),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn),zinc(Zn)and selenium(Se)contents of ewes in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the pre-lactation period,the serum ALP activity,and the contents of urea nitrogen(UN),calcium(Ca),P,magnesium(Mg),potassium(K),Cu,Zn and chromium(Cr)of ewes in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The serum iron(Fe),cobalt(Co)and Se contents of ewes in the trial group tended to greater than those in the control group(0.05≤P≤0.10).In conclusion,grazing with supplementary the equal replacement of corn or corn and soybean mixture with concentrate can promote the recovery of postpartum body weight of ewes and the growth of lambs,and increase the serum P,Mg,Cu,Zn and Se contents of ewes during post-pregnancy and pre-lactation period,as well as the serum Ca,K,Fe,Co and Cr contents of ewes during pre-lactation period.