上杭县城市园林植物综合评价——基于AHM-模糊综合评价法

Comprehensive evaluation of urban garden plants in Shanghang based on AHM-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model

【目的】园林植物的选择是充分发挥城市绿地生态效益与综合功能的前提。运用AHM-模糊综合评价法对城市植物进行评价及分级,为合理应用、选择城市园林植物提供科学依据。【方法】采用样方调查记录为主、文献查阅补充为辅的方法,筛选调查绿地78个,梳理出上杭县城市园林植物459种(不包括多浆类、蕨类);从城市园林植物的观赏性、适应性、生态效益、经济效益、生长特性和地域性文化等六个方面,全面系统地建立了上杭县城市园林植物综合评价指标体系,运用AHM法确定指标权重并对植物进行综合评价,按评分差值百分比划分评价等级。【结果】1)从观赏性(B_(1))、适应性(B_(2))、生态效益(B_(3))、经济效益(B_(4))、生长特性(B_(5))、地域性文化(B_(6))六个方面进行评价,权重值大小为B_(2)>B_(1)>B_(3)>B_(6)>B_(5)>B_(4),表明植物本身的适应性最为重要,植物观赏性也需要优先考虑;进一步分析,植物适应性中的植物乡土性C_(1)2和观赏性中的植物花(形、色、香)C1的指标权重最大。2)依据综合评价分值,按差值百分比划分等级将459种园林植物划分为三级:Ⅰ级植物最佳,其在各方面表现均较好,共79种(17.2%);Ⅱ级植物的综合效益次之,共263种(57.3%);Ⅲ级植物的综合效益最低,共117种(25.5%);并以此为依据建立了上杭县城市园林树种应用推介库。3)提出了上杭县城基调树种、骨干树种及不同类型绿地中植物选择的推介树种建议。【结论】运用AHM-模糊综合评价法对上杭县459种城市园林植物进行评价并分级,提出了上杭县城园林植物应用推介,为上杭县城市园林植物选择与应用配置提供科学依据。

【Objective】According to the selection principle of“adapting to local conditions,suitable for trees”and“regionalism”of urban garden plants,the comprehensive evaluation index system of urban garden plants in Shanghang county was constructed based on the current situation of urban green space,natural environment and other influencing factors,and the classification of urban garden plants was carried out,which would establish the application recommendation database of urban garden tree species and aimed to explore a more scientific and rational urban garden plant evaluation method and provide reference materials of Shanghang in the future construction and development of urabn green space.【Method】Based on field survey records and supplemented by literature review,78 green Spaces were selected and investigated.All the arbors,shrubs,lianas,bamboo and herbaceous plants in the green land were recorded by quadrate survey method,and 459 species(not including succulents and ferns)of urban garden plants in Shanghang were sorted out.The comprehensive evaluation index system of urban garden plants in Shanghang was established which including 25 indexes of six categories and then AHM algorithm was used to determine the weight for the comprehensive evaluation of plant and obtain the value,and then these urban garden plants were graded according to the percentage difference.【Result】1)The evaluation was made from six aspects:ornamental(B_(1)),adaptability(B_(2)),ecological benefit(B_(3)),economic benefit(B_(4)),growth characteristics(B_(5))and regional culture(B_(6))and the weight value B_(2)>B_(1)>B_(3)>B_(6)>B_(5)>B_(4)which shows that adaptability and ornamental are more important among which plant adaptability in the plant native C_(1)2 and ornamental flower(shape,color,fragrance)C1 accounted for the greater weight;2)According to the comprehensive evaluation score and the percentage difference,the 459 species of garden plants were classified into GradeⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ:The grade I plants(79 species,17.2%)were the best,performing well in all aspects;the overall benefit of gradeⅡplants(263 species,57.3%)was slightly lower than that of GradeⅠplants;the gradeⅢplants(117 species,25.5%)had the lowest overall benefit.Based on this,the application recommendation database of urban garden tree species in Shanghang was established;3)This paper put forward some suggestions on keynote tree species,backbone tree species and plants species in different types of green spaces in Shanghang.【Conclusion】The AHM-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate and classify 459 species of urban garden plants in Shanghang,and the application recommendation of urban garden plants in Shanghang was put forward,which provided scientific basis for the selection and application of urban garden plants in Shanghang.