“十四五”时期我国火电行业节能潜力分析与建议

Analysis and Suggestions of“14th Five-Year Plan”Thermal Power Industry Energy Conservation Potential in China

节能提高能效是我国实现“二氧化碳排放力争2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和”目标的有效手段。该文分析了火电能耗现状,从结构调整、技术改进、管理提升等方面,全面分析论证各因素对能耗下降的贡献,其中,新建机组、关停小机组、节能改造对能耗下降的贡献度逐步降低,预计“十四五”期间,火电供电煤耗下降5.6~8.7 g/kWh(中值7.2 g/kWh),绝对值下降空间较前三个五年收窄,2025年火电供电煤耗降至298 g/kWh左右。建议从完善绿色发展指标体系顶层设计、发挥大容量火电机组基荷作用、持续扩展火电热电冷联供能力、持续加大火电节能改造力度、技术创新和标准引领等角度,继续促进火电节能工作。

Saving energy and improving energy efficiency are effective means for China to achieve the new commitment of"reach C0_(2)emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060".This paper analyzes the current status of thermal power consumption,and comprehensively analyzes and demonstrates the contribution of various factors to the reduction of consumption from the aspects of structural adjustment,technical improvement,and management improvement.The results show that contribution of constructing new units,shutting down small units and energy-saving retrofitting to the reduction of energy consumption gradually reduces.It is expected that the coal consumption of thermal power supply will decrease by 5.6〜8.7 g/kWh(median value 7.2 g/kWh)during the“14th Five-Year Plan”period,the absolute value decreasing space will be narrower compared with the previous three“Five-Year”,and the coal consumption of thermal power supply will reduce to about 298 g/kWh in 2025.It is recommended to continue promoting thermal power energy conservation from the perspectives of improving the top-level design of the green development indicator system,exerting the baseload role of high-capacity thermal power units,continuously expanding the Combined Cooling Heating and Power(CCHP)capacity,continuously increasing the energy-saving retrofitting of thermal power,technological innovation and standard guidance.