“碳中和”下电力经济气候平衡体系与电力系统重构分析

Analysis on the Balance System of Power-Economy-Climate and Power System Reconfiguration under Carbon Neutral

实现碳中和的过程,就是推进以可再生能源为基础,以新电气化为中心的经济社会全面转型。从经济学、环境经济学、气候经济学、社会学原理分析,可再生能源电力化和终端能源消费电能化,对能源、经济、环境平衡关系产生质的变化,演变为“电力-经济-气候”新平衡体系,新平衡体系下,电力系统特性发生重大变化,需要重构。新型电力系统特征是:大范围能源资源配置与分散式配置并重系统、可再生能源为主体的多元低碳电源体系、灵活性电源与储能相结合的调节系统、“源-网-荷-储”高度耦合的智能化供需平衡系统,及多层级电力风险防控系统。

The process of achieving carbon neutrality is to promote a comprehensive economic and social transformation based on renewable energy and centered on new electrification.Based on the principles of economics,environmental economics,climate economics and sociology,the balance between energy,economy and environment has undergone a qualitative change because of the use of renewable energy in power generation and the use of electricity in terminal energy consumption,it has evolved into a new balance system of“power-economy-climate”.The power system needs to be reconstructed due to the significant change in its characteristics under the new balance system.The characteristics of the new power system are:a energy sources system combining large-scale allocation and decentralized allocation;a diversified low-carbon power supply system based on renewable energy;a regulation system combining flexible power supply with energy storage;an intelligent supply-demand balance system which is highly coupled related to“source-grid-load-storage”;and a multi-level power risk prevention and control system.