基于YOLOv3的电力杆塔检测算法研究

Research on a Detection Algorithm of Power Tower Based on YOLOv3

电力杆塔是支撑和架空输电线的塔架结构,杆塔检测和无人机智能巡检电网线路相结合已逐渐成为发展趋势。为提升电力设备巡检效率,提出了一种基于YOLOv3改进的目标检测模型,用于无人机巡检输电线路中对于杆塔的实时检测。通过水平镜像、旋转变换、图像错切和颜色变换等方法完成数据扩增,扩大杆塔训练样本。利用K-means聚类算法获取最适合的先验锚框,使其更符合杆塔的形状和比例。改进损失函数,采用GIoU计算边界框回归损失,提升了目标定位的准确性。实验结果表明,相对于其他算法,改进后的YOLOv3模型准确率较高,检测速度达到了每帧65 ms, mAP(多类别平均精度)达到90.8%,可以有效检测到航拍图像的电力杆塔,对无人机巡检输电线路有一定的工程应用价值。

Power towers refer to structures that support transmission lines.Nowadays,a combination of tower detection and UAV intelligent line inspection has gradually become a trend.To improve the inspection efficiency of power equipment,an improved object detection model based on YOLOv3 is proposed for real-time tower detection in transmission lines inspection by UAV.Data amplification is accomplished through multiple methods such as horizontal mirroring,rotation transformation,image cross-cutting,and color transformation to enlarge tower training samplings.K-means clustering algorithm is used to obtain the most suitable anchor box to make it more in line with the shape and proportion of the tower.The loss function is improved,and GIoU is used to calculate the bounding box regression loss,which improves the accuracy of object positioning.The experimental results indicate that the improved YOLOv3 model is of high accuracy with detection speed of 65 ms per frame and the mAP(mean average precision)of 90.8%compared with other algorithms.The algorithm can effectively detect the power tower in aerial images and provides certain engineering application value for UAV inspection of transmission lines.