绿色办公建筑的室内环境质量评价模型

Indoor Environmental Quality Evaluation Model for Green Office Buildings

随着绿色建筑的发展,通过运行后评估对绿色建筑的实际室内环境质量(Indoor Environment Quality,IEQ)进行评价成为重要工作。IEQ评价模型通过对IEQ分项(热环境、空气品质、光和声环境)评价进行加权可获得IEQ评价指标,但是各分项权重的确定尚需完善。本文针对夏热冬冷、寒冷地区各2个绿色办公建筑,开展IEQ评价指标研究:首先根据问卷利用多元线性回归确定了各IEQ分项的权重,并根据用户对环境的感知敏感度确定了4个分项主客观评价的权重,得到了IEQ评价模型;接着对IEQ评价模型进行了验证;最后比较了本文与其他研究的权重,并分析了不同权重对建筑IEQ评价的影响。结果表明在确定权重时,若这些建筑采用单独的权重与采用合并的权重得到的IEQ评价等级一样,则可将这些建筑合并为一个线性方程来确定权重;不同IEQ评价模型的权重存在差异,但不显著;随着建筑IEQ分项的评价差距增大,权重对建筑IEQ评价的影响增大(可造成1个等级差异的影响)。研究结果可为绿色办公建筑的IEQ评价方法的改进和完善提供参考。

With the development of green buildings,it has become important to evaluate the actual indoor environmental quality(IEQ)of green buildings through post-occupant evaluation.The IEQ evaluation model can obtain IEQ evaluation indicators by weighting the IEQ sub-items(thermal environment,air quality,light and sound environment),but the determination of the weight of each sub-category needs to be improved.In this paper,a study of IEQ evaluation indicators is conducted for two green office buildings in hot summer,cold winter and cold regions:First,the weights of each IEQ sub-item are determined by multivariate linear regression based on a questionnaire,and the weights of four sub-items are determined according to the user’s perceived sensitivity to the environment,and the IEQ evaluation model is obtained;Then the IEQ evaluation model is validated;Finally,the weights of this paper are compared with those of other studies,and the impact of different weights on IEQ evaluation of buildings is analyzed.The results show that in determining the weights,if these buildings use separate weights as well as the combined weights to obtain the same IEQ evaluation grade,then these buildings can be combined into a linear equation to determine the weights;There are differences in the weights of different IEQ evaluation models,but they are not significant;The impact of the weights on IEQ evaluation of the buildings increases as the evaluation gap of the IEQ sub-items of the buildings increases(which can cause the impact of one grade difference).The results of the study can provide a reference for the improvement and refinement of IEQ evaluation method for green office buildings.