在“美国中国学”之外:再论海外中国学的范式问题

Beyond the Centrism of American Chinese Studies:Reflection on the Paradigms of Chinese Studies and Sinology

就海外中国学的范式而言,二战后费正清所倡导建立的美国中国学并非是唯一表征。从长时段来看,在传统汉学的发生期以及后来的演进中,已经呈现出中国学的某些特点。从地域上来说,20世纪初期的苏俄以及日本,已更为集中地出现了美国中国学的范式特征。突破对“美国中国学”的中心主义思维,将海外中国学与传统汉学的发展置于历史长时段、世界多国度与多元文化的坐标系下,方可更为有效地考察两种范式各自的特点、嬗变的动因与未来的发展趋向。

As far as the paradigm of overseas Chinese studies is concerned, the American Chinese Studies advocated by John King Fairbank after World War II are not the only representation. From the temporal perspective, in the occurrence period and the evolution of traditional Sinology, it has shown some characteristics of Chinese Studies. From a regional perspective, Soviet Russia and Japan in the early 20th century have concentrated more on the paradigm characteristics of Chinese Studies. To break through "American Centrism" is not to construct another center, but to put Sinology and Chinese Studies in the coordinates of a long period of history and more countries in the world, so as to present the respective characteristics, the causes of evolution and the future development trend of the two paradigms.