政府治理、国民幸福感及其增进适配路径——基于定性比较分析方法(QCA)

A Study of Governance, National Happiness and the Improvement Adaptation Path:Based on Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)

国民幸福感作为"隐藏的国民财富"及反映民生的重要指标,已被看作是指导公共政策的"标尺"与"试金石"。采用以组态研究见长的定性比较分析方法(QCA),依据"世界幸福报告"和"世界治理指数"两大权威数据库均涵盖的全球152个国家(地区)2007—2016年国民幸福指数与政府治理指标数据信息,可研究不同经济体国民幸福感增益空间提升及改进路径架构问题,探索性地识别出"西式民主主导型""民主-技术结构调适复合驱动型"和"技术质量偏向驱动型"三类异质性国民幸福感增益空间提升、改进路径架构之治理适配模式。面对全球经济体追寻"善治"之道过程中良莠不齐的表现,以及"发达国家幸福感正在丧失"的严峻现实情境,民主激进与技术偏废无疑有损于国民幸福感的提升。中国特色治国理政实践和"民主-技术结构调适复合驱动型"治理模式无疑为全球各具特色经济体增进国民幸福感提供了"中国方案"。

Using qualitative comparative analysis(QCA), which is known for its configuration research, and based on data in the World Happiness Report and the Worldwide Governance Indicators for 152 countries and regions from 2007 to 2016, this paper aims to study the improvement of national well-being gain space and architecture evolution path of different economies. The study identified three modes-"Western-style democracy led", "democracy-technology compound driven" and "technical-quality biased driven"-to match heterogeneous economies. Given the uneven performance of the global economies in the pursuit of "good governance" and the grim reality that the "happiness of developed democratic market countries is disappearing", there is no doubt that democratic radicalism and the slack of technical quality are detrimental to the improvement of national well-being. The practice of governance with Chinese characteristics and the path of being democracy-technology compound driven undoubtedly provide a "China solution" for the promotion of national happiness in global economies with different characteristics.