醉酒方法成立抢劫罪手段行为之反思

Rethinking on the Acts of Robbery by Drunken Methods

根据通说观点,以醉酒方法取得他人财物的行为符合抢劫罪中“其他方法”的行为模式,应以抢劫罪定罪处罚。但是“其他方法”并不等同于一切方法,尤其刑法将其与“暴力、胁迫”并列共同作为抢劫罪的手段行为,也决定了其在行为性质上应与两者具有一定的相当性,以具有人身法益侵犯的可能性为必要。而对于手段较为平和的劝酒行为而言,实难认定为对人身法益的侵犯行为,因而即使行为人以此作为取得被害人财物的行为也不能认定为抢劫罪,否则不仅会不当扩大抢劫罪的成立要件,还会造成罪刑适用的不均衡。

According to the general opinion,the behavior of obtaining other people's property by drunkenness conforms to the behavior pattern of"other methods'*in the crime of robbery,and should be convicted as the crime of robbery.However,"other methods"are not equivalent to any methods.Especially in the criminal law,they are tied with"violence and coercion"as a means of robbery,which also determines that the nature of the behavior should be comparable to the former.The threat of infringement of personal legal interest is necessary.Of course,it is difficult to identify as a threat of infringement of personal legal interest for the persuasive behavior of alcohol with relatively peaceful means.Therefore,even if the perpetrator uses it as the act of obtaining the victim's property,it cannot be regarded as the crime of robbery.Otherwise,it will not only improperly expand the establishment of the crime of robbery,but also cause the imbalance in the application of crime and punishment.