专利转化实施与质效提升——基于江苏“双一流”建设高校数据的分析

Patent Transformation Implementation and Quality Improvement: Analysis Based on the Data of "Double First-class" Construction Universities in Jiangsu Province

从inco Pat专利库检索获取2010—2019年江苏省"双一流"建设高校专利转化相关数据,分析相关高校专利转化实施状况,结果表明:15所高校专利申请总量较大但转化实施严重不足,且转化实施的大多为发明专利,其中南京林业大学的实用新型专利的产业价值和市场关注度较高;大多数高校近几年专利转化交易较为活跃且持续性和稳定性较好,其中苏州大学2016—2019年的转化活跃度达102.55%;南京中医药大学等6所高校的专利转化与其一流学科建设相关度超过60%;大多数高校与产业协同合作水平相对较高但转化模式较为单一,受让企业平均受让专利数量维持在1.2~2.6件,其中南京大学的产业对接广度和深度表现较为出色。进一步挖掘制约高校专利转化关键因素主要包括法律约束冲突与权属、政策导向与质量审核、科研绩效评价指标、转化配套与产业衔接等。在此基础上,提出加强政策引导、实施专利全流程管理、优化高校组织架构、探索职务发明权属改革、突出专利转化导向理念、创新专利许可模式、加大优势学科产业辐射效能、加强专业机构和人才队伍建设等对策建议。

Based on incoPat patent database, this paper obtains the data of patent transformation in Jiangsu "doublefirst class" construction universities from 2010-2019, analyzes the status quo of patent transformation in relevant universities. The results show that: the patent applications of 15 universities are large but transformations are insufficient, and most of the transformation are invention patents, among them, the Utility patent of Nanjing Forestry University has high industrial value and market attention;most universities have been active in patent transformation in recent years with good continuity and stability, among which in 2016-2019 the transformation activity degree of Suzhou University reached 102.55%;the patent transformation of 6 universities including Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine is more than 60% related to its first-class discipline construction;most universities have a relatively high level of cooperation with the industry but the patent transformation model is relatively simple, and the average number of patent transferred by enterprises remained between 1.2 and 2.6, among them, Nanjing University has performed well in the breadth and depth of industrial docking of patent transformation. The key factors that restrict the transformation of patent in colleges and universities include conflict of laws and ownership, policy orientation and quality audit, evaluation index of scientific research performance, transformation matching and industrial connection. On this basis, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen policy guidance, implement patent whole process management, optimize the organizational structure of colleges and universities, explore the reform of job invention ownership, highlight the guiding concept of patent transformation, innovate patent license mode, increase radiation efficiency of superior discipline industry, and strengthen the construction of professional institutions and talents.